Review on Using of Housefly Maggots (Musca domestica) in Fish Diets

Authors

  • Hamed H.E. Saleh Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), El-Fayoum, Egypt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30564/jzr.v2i4.2190

Abstract

The main animal protein ingredient in fish diets is most often fishmealbecause of its nutritional quality. However, the limited availabilityand increasingly cost of fishmeal has lead to investigations of eitherlowering or replacing the fishmeal content with more economic proteinsources of animal and/or plant origin. The research for appropriate andcheap cost alternative sources of protein to use in commercial fish dietswill be the most important factor in intensive fish culture development.Insect meals are healthy and nutritious alternatives to fish meal dueto their rich nutritional values, particularly protein, fat and minerals.Housefly maggots (Musca domestica) meal is also rich in B complexvitamins, trace elements and phosphorus. From the results of previousstudies, Housefly maggots meal can be used successfully to replacethe fish meal portion partially or completely in the fish diets. Also,the results observed that not physiological stressful was introduced inthe fish by feeding Housefly maggots meal diets. This indicates thatHousefly maggots meal were well utilized by the fish thus resulting ingood growth of fish. In other study, observed a best growth performancewith fish feeding on diets containing maggot’s meal compared with fishfeeding on fishmeal diet. This indicates the high nutritional quality andfish acceptance of maggot’s meal.

Keywords:

Animal protein, Fishmeal, Alternative sources of protein, Fish diets, Housefly maggots meal, Physiological stressful, Growth performance

References

[1] Hardy, R.W. Worldwide fishmeal production outlook and the use of alternative protein meals for aquaculture. In: Suarez, L.E.C., Marie, D.R., Salazar, M.T., Lopez, M.G.N., Cavazos, D.A.V., Cruzy,

[2] A.C.P. and Ortega, A.G. (eds.). Avances en Nutricion Acuicola VIII. VIII Symp. Int. de Nutricion Acuicola. 15-17 Noviembre. Univ. Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico, 2006: 410-419. ISBN: 970-694-333-5

[3] Gimenez, A.V.F., Diaz, A.C., Velurtas, S.M., Fenucci, J.L. Partial substitution of fishmeal by meat and bone meal, soybean meal, and squid concentrate in feeds for the prawn, Artemesia longinaris: effect on digestive proteinases. Isr. J. Aquac. Bamidgeh, 2009,

[4] : 48-56.

[5] Gumus, E., Ikiz, R. Effect of dietary levels of lipid and carbohydrate on growth performance, chemical contents and digestibility in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792. Pak. Vet. J., 2009, 29: 59-63.

[6] Sevgili, H., Yilmaz, E., Kanyilmaz, M., Uysal, R. Effects of replacement of fishmeal with hazelnut meal on growth performance, body composition, and nutrient digestibility coefficients in Rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Isr. J. Aquac. Bamidgeh, 2009, 61: 103-113.

[7] Yang, Y., Xie, S., Cui, Y., Zhu, X., Lei, W., Yang, Y. Partial and total replacement of fishmeal with poultry by-product meal in diets for gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch. Aquac. Res., 2006, 37: 40-48.

[8] Pine, H.J., Daniels, W.H., Davis, D.A., Jian, M. Replacement of fishmeal with poultry by-product meal as a protein source in pond-raised sunshine bass, Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis, diets. J. World Aquac. Soc., 2008, 39: 586-597.

[9] Saoud, I.P., Rodgers, L.J., Davis, D.A., Rouse, D.B. Replacement of fishmeal with poultry by-product meal in practical diets for redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). Aquac. Nutr., 2008, 14: 139-142.

[10] Zhang, S., Xie, S., Zhu, X., Lei, W., Yang, Y., Zhao, M. Meat and bone meal replacement in diets for juvenile gibel carp (Carassius gibelio): effects on growth performance, phosphorus and nitrogen loading. Aquac. Nutr., 2006, 12: 353-362.

[11] Muzinic, L.A., Thompson, L.S., Metts, S., Dasgupta, S., Webster, C.D. Use of turkey meal as partial and total replacement of fishmeal in practical diets for sunshine bass (Morone chryops × M. saxatilis) grown in tanks. Aquac. Nutr., 2006, 12: 71-81.

[12] Abdelghany, A.E. Partial and complate replacement of fishmeal with gambusia meal in diets for red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus × O. mosambicus). Aquac. Nutr., 2003, 9: 145-154.

[13] Ahmad, M.H. Evaluation of gambusia, Gambusia affinis, fishmeal in practical diets for fry Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus. J. World Aquac. Soc., 2008, 39: 243-250.

[14] Gumus, E., Kaya, Y., Balci, B.A., Acar, B.B. Partial replacement of fishmeal with tuna liver meal in diets for common carp fry, Cyprinus carpio L., 1758. Pak. Vet. J., 2009, 29: 154-160.

[15] Gumus, E., Kaya, Y., Balci, B.A., Aydin, B., Gulle, I., Gokoglu, M. Replacement of fishmeal with sand Smelt (Atherina boyeri) meal in practical diets for Nile tilapia fry (Oreochromis niloticus). Isr. J. Aquac. Bamidgeh, 2010, 62(3): 172-180.

[16] Gumus, E. Fatty acid composition of fry Mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed graded levels of Sand smelt (Atherina boyeri) meal. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 2011, 24(2): 264-271.

[17] Ng, W.K.; Liew, F.L.; Ang, L.P., Wong, K.W. Potential of meal worm (Tenebrio molitor) as an alternative protein source in practical diets for African catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Aquaculture Res., 2001, 32: 273-280.

[18] Zuidhof, M.J.; Molnar, C.L.; Morley, F.M.; Wray, T.L.; Robinson, F.E.; Khan, B.A.; Al-Ani, L. and Goonewardene, L.A. Nutritive value of housefly (Musca domestica) larvae as a feed supplement for turkey poults. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech., 2003, 105: 225-230.

[19] Ogunji, J.O., Toor, R.A.S., Schulz, C., Kloas, W. Growth performance, nutrient utilization of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed Housefly maggot meal (Magmeal) diets. Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 2008, 8: 141-147.

[20] Emilie, S., Will, L., Francis, J.M., David, C.L. Growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of advanced nursing Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed diets containing Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) laevae meal. J. Aqua.

[21] Nutr., 2017: 1-8.

[22] Resh, V.H., Carde, R.T. Encyclopedia of insects. Academic Press San Diego, CA, 2003.

[23] Ogunji, J.O., Kloas, W., Wirth, M., Schulz, C., Rennert, B. Housefly maggot meal (Magmeal): An emerging substitute of fishmeal in Tilapia diets. Conference on International Agricultural Research for Development, Deutscher Tropentag, October 11-

[24] , 2006.

[25] Aniebo, A.O.; Erondu, E.S., Owen, O.J. Replacement

[26] of fish meal with maggot meal in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) diets. Revista UDO Agricola., 2009, 9(3): 666-671.

[27] Sheppard, C. Black soldier fly and others for valueadded manure management. University of Georgia, Tifton G.A.31794 USA, 2002. http://www.virtualcentre. org/en/enl/vol1n2/article/

[28] ibs_conf.pdf

[29] Teguia, A., Mpoame, M., Okourou-Mba, J.A. The production performance of broiler birds as affected by the replacement of fish meal by maggot meal in the starter and finisher diets. Tropiculture, 2002, 4: 187-192.

[30] Ajani, E.K., Nwanna, L.C., Musa, B.O. Replacement of fishmeal with maggot meal in the diets of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. World Aquaculture, 2004, 35(1): 52-54.

[31] Awoniyi, T., Aletor, V., Aina, J. Performance of broiler chickens fed on maggot meal in place of fishmeal. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 2003, 2: 271-274.

[32] Fasakin, E.A.; Balogun, A.M., Ajayi, O.O. Nutrition implication of processed maggot meals; hydrolyzed, defatted, full-fat, sun-dried and oven-dried, in the diets of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Aquaculture Research, 2003, 9(34): 733-738.

[33] Sheppard, C., Newton, L. Black soldier fly may produce nutritious feedstuff. Feedstuffs, 1999, 71(50): 21.

[34] Teotia, J.S., Miller, B.F. Fly pupae as a dietary ingredient for starting chicks. Poultry Science, 1973, 52: 1830-1835.

[35] Atteh, J.O., Olugbenla, F.D. Replacement of fishmeal

[36] with maggots in broiler diet: Effects on performance and nutrient retention. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 1993, 20: 44-49.

[37] Teguia, A. Alternative feedstuffs for broilers in Cameroon. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2005, 17(3).

[38] http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd17/3/tegu17034.htm

[39] Hwangbo, J., Hong, E.C., Jang, A., Kang, H.K., Oh, J.S., Kim, B.W., Park, B.S. Utilization of house flymaggots, a feed supplement in the production of broiler chickens. Journal of Environmental Biology, 2009, 30(4): 609-614.

[40] Saleh, H.H.E., Allam, S.M., Abou-Zied, R.M., Mohamed, R.A., Aljilany, S.S.A. Effect of diet type and stocking density on growth performance and blood parameters of the Egyptian sole (Solea

[41] aegyptiaca Chabanaud, 1927). Abbassa Int. J. Aqua., 2016, 9(1): 84-134.

[42] Okore, O.O., Ekedo, C.M., Ubiaru, P.C., Uzodinma, K. Growth and haematological studies of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) juveniles fed with Housefly larva (Musca dometica) as feed supplement. International Journal of Agriculture and Earth

[43] Science, 2016, 2(3): 21-30.

[44] Emeka, A.I., Oscar, E.V. Comparative study of growth performance, food utilization and survivalof the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings fed live maggot (Musca domestica) and coppens commercial feed. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and

[45] Technology, 2016, (2)2: 379-386.

[46] Arong, G.A., Eyo, V.O. Evaluation of housefly (Musca domestica) maggot meal and termite (Macrotermes subhyalinus) meal as supplementary feed for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). International Journal of Entomology and

[47] Nematology, 2017, 3(1): 42-50.

[48] Mustapha, A.K., Kolawole, A.A. Potentials of fresh Housefly maggot in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage., 2019, 23(4): 681-687.

[49] Alofa, C.S., Abou, Y. A comparison between Chicken viscera and Housefly maggot cultured from this byproducts for Nile tilapia diets: growth performance, feed utilization and whole body composition. Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, 2019, 5(3): 1-12.

[50] Newton, L., Sheppard, C., Watson, D., Burtle, G., Dove, R. Using the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, as a value-added tool for the management of swine manure. University of Georgia, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science. Department

[51] of Animal and Dairy Science. Annual Report, 2004.

[52] Aniebo, A.O., Erondu, E.S., Owen, O.J. Proximate composition of housefly larvae (Musca domestica) meal generated from mixture of cattle blood and wheat bran. Livestock Research for Rural

[53] Development, 2008, 20(12): 1-5.

[54] Newton, G.L., Booram, C.V., Barker, R.V., Hale, O.M. Dried Hermetia illucens larvae meal as a supplement for swine. J. Anim. Sci., 1977, 44: 395-400.

[55] Sogbesan, A.O., Ajuonu, N., Musa, B.O., Adewole, A.M. Harvesting techniques and evaluation of maggot meal as animal dietary protein source for “Heteroclarias” in outdoor concrete tanks. World J. Agric. Sci., 2006, 2(4): 394-402.

[56] Aniebo, A.O., Owen, O.J. Effects of age and method of drying on the proximate composition of housefly larvae (Musca domestica linnaeus) meal (HFLM). Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2010, 9(5): 485-487.

[57] Alegbeleye, W.O., Anyanwu, D.F., Akeem, A.M. Effect of varying dietary protein levels on the growth and utilization performance of catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Proceedings of the 4th Annual Conference of Nigerian Association of Aquatic Science Ibadan, Nigeria. 1991: 51-53.

[58] Idowu, A.B., Amusan, A.A.S., Oyediran, A.G. The response of fingerlings Clarias gariepinus (Burchell1822) to the diet containing Housefly maggot (Musca domestica). Nigerian Journal of

[59] Animal Production, 2003, 30(1): 139-144.

[60] Ogunji, J.O., Nimptsch, J., Wiegand, C., Schulz, C. Evaluation of the influence of housefly maggot meal (magmeal) diets on catalase, glutathione S-transferase and glycogen concentration in the liver of Oreochromis niloticus fingerling. Comparative

[61] Biochemistry and Physiology, 2007, 147: 942-947.

[62] Mustapha, A.K. An Investigation into the value of oven-dried maggot as protein source in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. J. Pure Appl. Sci., 2001, 3(1 and 2): 63-74.

[63] Slawski, H.; Schulz, C., Ogunji, J.O. Evaluation of housefly maggot meal as an alternative protein source in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus. World aquaculture-eagris. fao.org; 2008.

[64] Faturoti, E.O., Ifili, N.N. Growth performance of Clarias gariepinus fed on plankton; frozen maggot and pelleted feed in a floating Hapa system. J. Fish Tech., 2007, 2: 117-123.

[65] Ipinmoroti, M.O., Akanmu, O.A., Iyiola, A.O. Utilisation of house fly maggots (Musca domestica) as replacement for fish meal in the diets of Clarias gariepinus juveniles. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, 2019, 5(2): 69-76.

[66] Saleh, H.H.E. Effect of feeding on fresh (wet) housefly maggots (Musca domestica) with or without artificial diet on water quality and growth rates of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) fry under laboratory conditions. Journal of Zoological Research, 2020, 2(2): 15-22.

[67] Omoruwou, P.E., Edem, C.U. Growth response of

[68] Heteroclarias hybrid fingerlings fed on maggot based diet. Nigerian Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment, 2011, 7(1): 58-62.

[69] Dong, G.F., Yang, Y.O., Song, X.M., Yu, L., Zhao, T.T., Huang, G.L., Hu, Z.J., Zhang, J.L. Comparative effects of dietary supplementation with maggot meal and soybean meal in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and darkbarbel catfish (Pelteobagrus

[70] vachelli): Growth performance and antioxidant responses. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2013, 19(4): 543-554.

[71] Lin, Y-H., Mui, J-J. Evaluation of dietary inclusion of housefly maggot (Musca domestica) meal on growth, fillet composition and physiological responses for barramundi, Lates calcarifer. Aquaculture Research, 2017, 48: 2478-2485.

Downloads

Issue

Vol. 2 , Iss. 4 (October 2020)

Article Type

Reviews

License

Copyright and Licensing

The authors shall retain the copyright of their work but allow the Publisher to publish, copy, distribute, and convey the work.

Journal of Zoological Research publishes accepted manuscripts under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Authors who submit their papers for publication by Journal of Zoological Research agree to have the CC BY-NC 4.0 license applied to their work, and that anyone is allowed to reuse the article or part of it free of charge for non-commercial use. As long as you follow the license terms and original source is properly cited, anyone may copy, redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform, and build upon the material.

License Policy for Reuse of Third-Party Materials

If a manuscript submitted to the journal contains the materials which are held in copyright by a third-party, authors are responsible for obtaining permissions from the copyright holder to reuse or republish any previously published figures, illustrations, charts, tables, photographs, and text excerpts, etc. When submitting a manuscript, official written proof of permission must be provided and clearly stated in the cover letter.
The editorial office of the journal has the right to reject/retract articles that reuse third-party materials without permission.

Journal Policies on Data Sharing

We encourage authors to share articles published in our journal to other data platforms, but only if it is noted that it has been published in this journal.